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中国传统宗法社会的男性中心论，形成了三从、三纲、四德、七出等女性传统恐惧。张爱玲小说《半生缘》的闺阁政治叙述，暴露了女性冲突族群既有对父权文化极其有限的政治反抗，更是男权诡计的被迫同谋。小说在现代文学史中的价值，是敢于面对传统社会中女性的种种阴暗意识，揭示其复杂的文化与心理上的深层意识，从而坚持了作者女性性别书写的立场。
Abstract：The male centrality in the traditional patriarchal Chinese society has instilled into females such veneration as the three obediences and the four virtues, the three cardinal guides and the five constant virtues, etc. As has been portrayed in the narration of boudoir politics in the novel " Ban Sheng Yuan" by Zhang Ailing, the conflicting female groups are not merely feeble political protesters against the patriarchal culture but the compelled accomplices of male schemes as well. The value of the novel in the modern literary history lies in its bold exposure of various seamy consciousness of females in the traditional society and in its demonstration of their intricate cultural and mental awareness, thus having stuck to the standpoint of an authoress.
①此种女性主义批评理论中的“游戏式多元论”( Playful pluralism),被科洛德妮( Annette Kolodny)——肖瓦尔特称之为“最复杂的女性主义诠释学理论家”——认为是最有利的因素。女性主义批评的诠释模式,最能把女性作为作家(women—as—author)的特殊成就加以确认,定能够将女性作为符号(women-as- sign)的现实加以解码( Kolodny, Annette. Dancing Through The Minefield: Some Observations on theTheory, Practice and Politics of A Feminist Literary Criticism. Feminist Studies.Spring Vlo6 No, 1. 1980,p18;Showalter,Elaineed TheMwFemlnlstCrltlclsm:Essayson Women,Literature ,and Theeory NewYork:Pantheon Books. 1985, p246)。
②有关张爱玲小说中女性关系的冲突、矛盾、对立与磨擦等不和谐的问题,笔者提出了“闺阁政治论述”的概念加以探讨,参阅拙文(张爱玲的闺阁政治论述:女性身体、欲望与权力的文本),(文史哲学报)(台大),1997.12,第47期。
①史书美称此空间为监禁之处,居住其中的人物在此摒弃欲望或体会欲望,一览无遗地表现欲望之处(史书美,《张爱玲的欲望街车:重读<传奇>》,《二十一世纪》第24期,1994,页126)。
②整体而言,女性人物在传统大家中的地位,往往是通过压制其他家庭中女性成员而得以完成,即以操控和伤害其他女性来完成自己,建立权威。这正是宗法父权体系的权谋策略与运作的结果。
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[17]周蕾.妇女与中国现代性:东西方之间阅读记[M].台北:麦田,1995
[18]林幸谦张爱玲的“闺阁政治论述”:女性身体、欲望与权力的文本.[J]文史哲学报,1997.12,(47)
[19]景春林、赵炳庭.都市的风俗画,洋场的畸型儿——谈张爱玲的小说创作[J]固原师专学报,1990,(2)
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[21]陈东原.中国妇女生活史[M].(影印上海印书馆 1928年初版)上海文艺,1990.
[22]赵凤喈.中国妇女在法律上之地位[M].台北:食货,1977
[23] Barrett, Michele. 1980. Women's Oppression Today: Problems in marxist Fern mitt Analysis. London: Verso.
[24] Beauvoir, Simone de. 1972. The Second Sex. Trans & ed. Parshley H. M. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books.
[25] Cixous, Helene. 1981.' The Laugh of the Medusa'. in Marks, Elaine and Courtivron, Isabelle de eds. .French Feminisms: An Anthology. New York: Schocken Books.
[26] Greene, Gayle and Kahn, Coppelia eds. 1985. Miking a Difference: Ffeminist Literary Criticism. London andNew York: Routledge.
[27] Kolodny, Annette. 1980.' Dancing Through The Mine field: Some Observations on the Theory, Practice andPolitics of A Feminist Literary Criticism'. Feminist Studies. Spring, Vol. 6, No. 1.
[28] Showalter, Elaine ed. 1985. The New Feminist Criticism: Essays on Women, Literature, and Theory. NewYork: Panthoon Books.
基本信息:
DOI：10.16061/j.cnki.cn46-1076/c.2000.01.010
中图分类号:I207.425
引用信息:
[1]林幸谦.《半生缘》再解读:姐妹情谊的反动与女性冲突主题[J].海南师范学院学报(人文社会科学版),2000(01):72-80.DOI:10.16061/j.cnki.cn46-1076/c.2000.01.010.
2000-03-30
2000-03-30